Ian's+group

Here are the photos.

Vote for the photo you like over here.

Ming Yang: Crab Photo. Ian: Crabby Crabb(pls change cos taken liao) Ming Chun: Caleb:

Read this __**Task 1:**__


 * __Task 2__**

Solution: Use the 3Rs (Reduce, Re-use and Recycle) For example, do not waste paper. Write on both sides. __Air pollution__ Causes: Vehicle exhaust, forest fires, volcanic eruptions, waste gases/smog/toxic gas/smoke from factories and construction __sites__. Consequences: Global warming, widespread of respiratory diseases/illnesses (E.g. Tubercolosis) and acid rain. Solution: Use Hybrid (Electric cars) vehicles, use greener ways to obtain energy (E.g. Wind Energy, Solar Energy) and abstain from using fossil fuels/fuels/charcoal/coal to get energy. __Land pollution__ Causes: Hazardous waste and sewage spills, heavy use of inorganic insecticide, household dumping and littering. Consequences: Animals lose their habitats and climate will be affected. Germs would be spread around easily, causing more people to fall ill. The rubbish would attract pests, causing a serious pest problem. Solution: Use the 3Rs(Reduce, Re-use and Recycle), do not use dangerous/ poisonous fluids for own beneficiary purposes. Use eco-friendly waste dumping methods. __Water pollution__ Causes: Increased sediment from soil erosion, improper waste dispersal, oil spillage. Consequences: Animals in water dies, water becomes poisonous. Solution: Do not throw litter into water bodies. Clean the water bodies regularly. __Thermal pollution:__ Causes: Power plants, deforestation, greenhouse gases. Consequences: Change of habitat in water (Trout prefers colder water, warm water increases algae growth), warm air makes thermal currents in the air acts as a barrier to normal wind pattern, in soil, it limits the type of animal and plant in the habitat too. Solution: ??? __Noise pollution:__ Causes: Traffic, airports, railroads, construction __sites__. Consequences: Increase workplace accident rates, stress and hearing loss. Solution: Control the number of vehicles on the roads? (Not sure) __Radioactive pollution (nuclear plants):__ Causes: Nuclear leakage, uranium mining. Consequences: Cause cancer (evidence: People working in uranium mines suffer skin burns and cancer) Solution: ???
 * THREATS FACED BY THE ECOSYSTEM IN __SINGAPORE__**
 * 1. DEFORESTATION**
 * Industrial companies cut down trees for more land to build factories and buildings.
 * Animals' habitats will be destroyed and plants would be killed, leading to extinction of certain plant or animal species.
 * 2. POLLUTION**

Note: The mudskipper's head look like a face. LOL I prefer this...

and this... and this... and this. These are my (Caleb)photos.

Notes taken by Caleb and Ian (me) and research done by Ming Chun.

Scientific Name: //Caryota Mitis// Common Name: Fishtail Palm Uses: Wood can be used for firewood and a whitish powder can be found on the underside of the leaves which can be used to start a fire. Other info: After each bloom, flowers grow lower and lower. Even when it is dying, it still produces flowers in a last attempt to disperse its seeds.

Scientific Name: //Hibiscus Tiliaceus// Common Name: Sea hibiscus Colour: Flowers are maroon-coloured in the inside, but yellow on the outside. Habitat: It usually grows near the sea. Uses: The bark of the tree, being strong, can be used as twine, rope, or even medicine. Roots can be used as medicine to cool fever.

Scientific Name: Episesarma sp. Common Name: Tree-climbing Crab Malay Name: Bakau Minyak Habitat: Mangrove, seashores Food: Leaves and dead animals Hunting period: Night Distinctive features: Climbs prop roots of mangrove trees during high tide to escape from predators. In Teochew cultures, they soak this crab in wine and eat it. It tastes salty.

Scientific Name: (Varies through different species) Common Name: Bracket Fungus Distinctive Features: Love the rain

Mangrove Trees They grow in muddy soil. In this kind of soil, the soil is tightly packed and therefore has no space for the roots to breathe. Thus, they grow upwards. The roots are called aerial roots. Their prop roots give stability. They are hypocotyls and the "baby mangroves" grow attached to the parent plant before dropping off. Also called vivipary.

Scientific Name: // Excoecaria agallocha // Common Name: Blind your eyes tree Distinctive features: Milky sap will cause temporary blindness if in contact with your eyes

Scientific Name: //Acanthus Ebracteatus// Common Name: Sea Holly Distinctive Features: Has serrated leaves. Crushed seeds can heal cough and sores.

Scientific Name: //Avicennia alba// Malay Common Name: Malay Api Api Puteh Distinctive Features: Ability to remove salt from itself. The salt goes to the few selected leaves, the leaves turn yellow, and drop off. Uses: Wood can be used to smoke fish and ash can be used to make salt. The brown __food__ produce tannin which can be used for dye.

Scientific Name: //Nypa fruticans// Common Name: Atap Tree Uses: Young leaves can be used for wrapping cigarettes, old leaves can be used for firewood.

Scientific name: //Eutropis multifasciatus// Common Name Common Sun Skink Habitat: Wooded areas, parks and mangroves __Food__: Spiders, insects, even smaller lizards. Active period: In the day

Scientific name: //Callosciurus notatus// Common Name: Plantain Squirrel Habitat: Forested areas (including mangroves) Food: Fruit pulps, seeds, flowers and leafly shoots Active period: In the day

Scientific name: //Varanus salvator// Common Name: Malayan Water Monitor Habitat: Mangroves Food: Tiny insects, crabs, molluscs, snakes, eggs (of birds and crocodiles!!), fish(including eels 1m long!!), birds, rodents, small mouse deer, other monitor lizards!!, rubbish!!, human faeces!!!, dead bodies!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Active period: In the day

Scientific name: //Dermogenys pusilla// Common Name: Wrestling Halfbeak Habitat: Fresh and brackish water of rivers and coastal regions __Food__: Small invertebrates including crustaceans and insect larvas and flying insects that dropped into the water Active period: In the day

Scientific name: //Periophthalmodon schlosseri// Common Name: Giant Mudskipper Habitat: Mangroves __Food__: Prawns, insects, small crabs and other small mudskippers Active period: In the day Fun fact: Modified to be able to stay on land for some time

Scientific name: //Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda// Common name: Mangrove horseshoe crab Habitat: Southeast Asia region shallow water with sandy bottom or mud flats. Can also be found at the bottom of muddy and brackish water bodies like mangroves __Food__: Insect larvas, small crabs and small fishes. Active period: In the day (I think...) Use to humans: Blood its blue and used to test toxic. Can also be cooked and the unlaid yellowish roe is eaten. Fun fact: Despite its name, it is more closely related to scorpions and spiders rather than crabs.

Scientific name: Anthracoceros albirostris Common name: Oriental Pied Hornbill Habitat: Southeast Asia subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest Food: Fruit, insects and small animals like bird and mammals Fun fact: They are the only true wild hornbills in Singapore